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Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders, Vol. 13, No. 4, 237-246 (2005)
DOI: 10.1177/10634266050130040501
© 2005 Hammill Institute on Disabilities

Participation in the Paid Labor Force by Caregivers of Children With Emotional and Behavioral Disorders

Eileen M. Brennan

Graduate School of Social Work, Portland State University

Ana María Brannan

Vanderbilt University's Center for Evaluation and Program Improvement

We explored the relationship between school-age children's emotional and behavioral symptoms and workforce participation of their family caregivers using structural equation modeling. Secondary analysis of data from the national evaluation of the Comprehensive Community Mental Health Services for Children and Their Families Program was performed with a subsample of 2,585 caregivers. Findings from structural equation modeling indicated that higher levels of internalizing and externalizing symptoms were significant predictors of more frequent school absences, less adequate childcare, and greater caregiver strain related to missing work. In turn, more adequate childcare and greater caregiver strain from missed work were associated with lower likelihood of workforce participation. Further research on labor force participation and increased family support is necessary to improve work—life integration for caregivers of children with emotional and behavioral disorders. Future investigations should examine caregiver employment as a standard family outcome.


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J. M. Rosenzweig, E. M. Brennan, K. Huffstutter, and J. R. Bradley
Child Care and Employed Parents of Children With Emotional or Behavioral Disorders
Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders, June 1, 2008; 16(2): 78 - 89.
[Abstract] [PDF]